Switching equipment controlling high-voltage distributing lines



Sept. 29, 1931. A. KUHNS ET AL 1,824,903v

SWITCHING EQUIPMENT CONTROLLING HIGH VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTING LINES Filed Nov. 20. 1928 Patented Sept. 29, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALEXANDER KUHNS OF BERLIN-CHARLOTTENBURG, AND FRITZ KESSELRING, OF

BERLIN-HERMSDORF, GERMANY, ASSIGNORS TO SIEMENS-SCHUCKERTWERKE AK- TIENGESELLSCHAFT, F BERLIN-SIEMENSSTADT, GERMANY, A CORPORATION OF GERMANY SWITCHING EQUIPMENT CONTROLLING HIGH-VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTING LINES Application filed November 20, 1928, Serial No.

switching equipment in which the rupturing voltage of an individual electric switch or circuit breaker is lower than the service voltage.

Another object of our invention is the con- U nection in series of a plurality of switches or circuit breakers, which open simultaneously, so that each individual switch or breaker has to break a fraction only of the service voltage, and each switch or circuit breaker need be insulated to ground only for a voltage,

which is lower than the service voltage.

A further object of our invention is to con nect a plurality, for instance a equal electric switches or breakers in series, each of which has to break a circuit of a voltage of so that it need be insulated to ground for a voltage I onl A still further object of our invention are provisions for obtaining a distribution of the voltage as favorable as possible for the flashover safety at the insulating structures upon which the switches or breakers are mounted,

i such as plates, beads and the like.

A still further object of our invention is the electric connection of conducting parts of the insulating structures upon which the switches or circuit breakers are mounted with taps of the high tension winding of transformers of the switching equipment in which the. switches or breakers operate.

Other objects and advantages of our invention will appear as the description proceeds and will be explained with reference to the drawing affixed hereto which represents a diagrammatic lay-out of a triple switch.

Referring to this drawing, 1 is an insulating structure reinforced and braced by a 320,698, and in Germany November 24, 1927.

metallic plate 2 upon which rest further in sulating structures 3. Upon plates placed on these insulating structures 3 are mounted the individual switches or circuit breakers 4. The edges of the plate 2 as well as of the plates 5 are turned over or headed to avoid glow discharges or corona phenomena. The areas of these plates and consequently their capacities are so chosen, that as uniform a distribution as possible of the voltages is attained. The switch operating gear 6 is connected with the individual switches by means of an insulatedv system of rods 7, which is dimensioned for the full service voltage. The plates 2 and 5 are electrically connected with taps 9 and 10 of the transformer 8. y

The continuous increase of the capacities of electric lines leads to ever rising voltages. This increases accordingly the constructive difficulties of oilcircuit breakers,which serve to control such high-voltage circuits. For such-high voltages it is necessary to provide very large clearances between the constituent parts of the switching equipment. The circuit breakers thus become very bulky and their constituent parts attain inconveniently large dimensions and weights. In such circuit breakers the necessary high speed for separating the contact elements can consequently be obtained with very great difficulty only. Furthermore the huge tanks of such breakers require large quantities of oil, since the quantity of oil rises approxi mately with the third power of the voltage. as experience has shown.

According to our invention a plurality of switches or circuit breakers are connected in series for controlling plants of a high service voltage (E) and these switches are constructed to simultaneously cut in or out at a smaller rated voltage E E E prevailing at their terminals, so that these individual switches or breakers need only be insulated to earth fora minimum voltage E-E or EE The individual switches or breakers connected in series may have the same rupturing voltage. The connections 11 between the individual switches and the leads to the switch system are insulated from the individual rThe breakers connected in series are inswitch housings or tanks 4 as shown at 12, in order to maintain the proper potentials of the individual switches with relation to ground as called for according to the present invention. It a breakers are used they need only bedimensioned for a rupturing voltage sulated from earth for a voltage of Eat-1 By providing ,thetwo separate insulating structures 1 and 3, as well as the supporting plates 2 and5, upon which the circuit breakers 4 are mounted, provisions have been made to distribute the voltage as uniformly as possible, sothat the total amount of insulation-required is considerably reduced thereby. The distribution of the voltage may be made still more definite by electrically connecting the supporting'plates, resting upon the post type porcelain insulators upon which the oil circuitbreakers are placed, to taps of the high tension windings of the transformers having acorresponding potential. The no tential of the supporting, plates is thus defin- In the drawing three circuit breakers are shown. Assuming that the switching equipmentillustrated should work on r 330 kv. circuit and that all the breakers are equal, standard 110 kv. circuit breakers may be employed, which are insulatedto ground for 220 kv. Since the oil circuit breakers are connected in series-the total opening path of the switches suffices for 830 kv.

As the figure shows the insulation between a-n v two circuit breakers in the open state is dimensioned for 440 kv., so that there is suflicient guaranty, that'no flashover will. take place in their open'state.

Although we have describeda preferred embodiment only of our invention it will be each breaker, for connecting said circuit breakers in series, said circuit breakers being dimensioned for a rupturing voltage which is lower than the service voltage, and the insulating structure for each circuit breaker being insulated from ground for a voltage equal the service voltage less the rupturing voltage of the circuit breakers.

2. Electric switching equipment for controlling high-voltage distributing lines consisting of a equal circuit breakers connected together for simultaneous operation, individualinsulating structures upon which said circuitbreakersare mounted, and leads, insu lated from the supporting structure or each breaker, for connecting said circuit breakers in series, said circuit breakers being dimensioned for a rupturing voltage when E is the service voltage, the insulating 7 structure of each circuit breaker being insuiated from ground for a voltage E(n'-1).

3. Electric switching equipment for controlling high-voltage dlstributing llnes, consisting of a plurality of circuit breakers con-' nected together for simultaneous operation, individual insulatingstructures'upon which said circuit breakersare mounted, and leads, insulated from the supporting structure or" each breaker, for connecting said circuit breakn series, said circuitbreakersbeing dimensioned for a rupturing voltage which is lower I than the service voltage, and said insulating structures consistingv of post typeporclain 1nsulators and conducting supporting plates so shaped along their edges, that the vbltage is distributed as equallyv as possibleover their entire area. 7

l. Electric switching equipment for controlling high-voltage distributing lines, consisting of a plurality of circuit breakers connected together'for simultaneous operation, individual insulating structures upon which said circuit breakers are mounted, leads, insulated from the supporting structurero'f each breaker, for connecting said circuit breakers in series, and a transformer provided with taps at the high tension winding having different potential gradients, said circuit breakers being dimensioned for a'rup-v turingvoltage which is lower than the service voltage and the insulating structures consisting of post type porcelain insulators and conducting supporting plates connected with said taps.

In testimony whereof we aiiiX our signatures. I I

ALEXANDER KljHNS.

FRITZ. KESSELRING. 

